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| 1850 |
| | | As many as 50,000 US pioneers travel west this year on the Oregon Trail | |
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| 1851 |
| | | A journalist in the Terre Haute Express gives a piece of advice, 'Go west, young man', that chimes perfectly with the US pioneer spirit | |
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| 1852 |
| | | In the four years since the discovery of gold, the population of California has leapt from 14,000 to 250,000 | |
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| c. 1860 |
| | | German immigrants arriving in the USA now outnumber even the Irish | |
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| 1861 |
| | | Chinese immigrants to Australia are the victims of violent racial attacks at Lambing Flat | |
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| 1882 |
| | | Congress passes a Chinese Exclusion Act, in the USA's first retreat from the policy of welcoming all immigrants | |
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| 1882 |
| | | The first settlements of European Jews, returning to the promised land, are established in Palestine | |
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| 1892 |
| | | Ellis Island in New York Bay opens as the point of reception for arriving immigrants | |
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| 1896 |
| | | Theodor Herzl publishes The Jewish State, calling for a national homeland for all Jews | |
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| 1901 |
| | | Australia passes an Immigration Restriction Act to underpin the White Australia policy | |
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